利用二乙烯三胺与均苯三甲酰氯在聚丙烯腈超滤膜表面的界面聚合反应，将埃洛石纳米管引入聚酰胺分离层中制备埃洛石纳米管/聚酰胺纳滤膜。傅里叶红外光谱及扫描电镜分析证实聚丙烯腈膜表面已形成聚酰胺分离层。水接触角测试结果表明，所有膜均为亲水性膜。埃洛石纳米管的加入量合适时，不仅可增大膜的脱盐率，同时可增大膜通量，呈现反"trade off"效应。增大反应单体浓度或延长反应时间，脱盐率均先增大后减小，通量则呈相反趋势。当二乙烯三胺和均苯三甲酰氯质量分数分别为0.6%和0.5%、埃洛石质量为0.01 g、反应时间为10 min时，制备的NF2膜在0.6 MPa下对NaCl、MgCl₂、Na₂SO₄、MgSO₄的脱除率分别为62.8%、84.4%、90.9%和90.7%，通量约为14.5 L/（m²·h）。用于1 000 mg/L CoCl₂脱除时，对Co²⁺的脱除率达89.4%。

Halloysite nanotube (HNT)/polyamide nanofiltration membranes are prepared by drawing halloysite nanotube into active polyamide separation layer via interfacial polymerization between diethylenetriamine (DETA) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on the surface of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration membrane.FTIR-ATR and SEM images verify the formation of polyamide separation layer on the surface of PAN substrate membrane.Water contact angle measurement shows that the prepared membranes are hydrophilic.Both the salts rejection rate and the membrane flux can be increased by adding appropriate amount of halloysite nanotube,i.e.showing a reversed "trade off" effect.The salts removal rate first increases and then decreases when increasing the monomer concentration or prolonging the reaction time,while the membrane flux changes adversely.The removal rates of NaCl,MgCl₂,Na₂SO₄ and MgSO₄ are 62.8%,84.4%,90.9% and 90.7% respectively by the prepared NF2 membrane at 0.6 MPa,and the solution flux can reach about 14.5 L·m^-2·h^-1 when the concentrations of DETA and TMC are 0.6% and 0.5% respectively,the dosage of HNT is 0.01 g and reaction time is 10 min.When NF2 is applied for 1 000 mg·L^-1 CoCl₂ solution separation,Co²⁺ removal rate reaches 89.4%.

晏乐安(1996-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为纳滤膜,yanlean@163.com